ILF3

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ILF3 gene.[1][2]

Function

Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is a transcription factor required for T-cell expression of interleukin 2. NFAT binds to a sequence in the IL2 enhancer known as the antigen receptor response element 2. In addition, NFAT can bind RNA and is an essential component for encapsidation and protein priming of hepatitis B viral polymerase. NFAT is a heterodimer of 45 kDa and 90 kDa proteins, the larger of which is the product of this gene. The encoded protein, which is primarily localized to ribosomes, probably regulates transcription at the level of mRNA elongation. At least three transcript variants encoding three different isoforms have been found for this gene.[3]

Interactions

ILF3 has been shown to interact with:

Small NF90/ILF3-associated RNAs (snaR) (~120 nucleotides long) and are known to interact with ILF3 double-stranded RNA-binding motifs.[13] snaR-A is abundant in human testis and has been shown to associate with ribosomes in HeLa cells. snaR-A is present in human and gorilla but not in chimpanzee. Other snaR RNAs are found in African Great Apes (including chimpanzee and bonobo).[14]

ILF2 and ILF3 have been identified as autoantigens in mice with induced lupus,[15][16] in canine systemic rheumatic autoimmune disease,[17] and as a rare finding in humans with autoimmune disease.[18]

References

  1. ↑ Kao PN, Chen L, Brock G, Ng J, Kenny J, Smith AJ, Corthésy B (August 1994). "Cloning and expression of cyclosporin A- and FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T-cells: NF45 and NF90". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (32): 20691–9. PMID 7519613.
  2. ↑ Matsumoto-Taniura N, Pirollet F, Monroe R, Gerace L, Westendorf JM (September 1996). "Identification of novel M phase phosphoproteins by expression cloning". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 7 (9): 1455–69. doi:10.1091/mbc.7.9.1455. PMC 275994. PMID 8885239.
  3. ↑ "Entrez Gene: ILF3 interleukin enhancer binding factor 3, 90kDa".
  4. ↑ Ting NS, Kao PN, Chan DW, Lintott LG, Lees-Miller SP (January 1998). "DNA-dependent protein kinase interacts with antigen receptor response element binding proteins NF90 and NF45". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (4): 2136–45. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.4.2136. PMID 9442054.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Saunders LR, Perkins DJ, Balachandran S, Michaels R, Ford R, Mayeda A, Barber GN (August 2001). "Characterization of two evolutionarily conserved, alternatively spliced nuclear phosphoproteins, NFAR-1 and -2, that function in mRNA processing and interact with the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (34): 32300–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104207200. PMID 11438536.
  6. ↑ Tang J, Kao PN, Herschman HR (June 2000). "Protein-arginine methyltransferase I, the predominant protein-arginine methyltransferase in cells, interacts with and is regulated by interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (26): 19866–76. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000023200. PMID 10749851.
  7. ↑ Lee J, Bedford MT (March 2002). "PABP1 identified as an arginine methyltransferase substrate using high-density protein arrays". EMBO Reports. 3 (3): 268–73. doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kvf052. PMC 1084016. PMID 11850402.
  8. ↑ Langland JO, Kao PN, Jacobs BL (May 1999). "Nuclear factor-90 of activated T-cells: A double-stranded RNA-binding protein and substrate for the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR". Biochemistry. 38 (19): 6361–8. doi:10.1021/bi982410u. PMID 10320367.
  9. ↑ Parker LM, Fierro-Monti I, Mathews MB (August 2001). "Nuclear factor 90 is a substrate and regulator of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 kinase double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (35): 32522–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104408200. PMID 11438540.
  10. ↑ Patel RC, Vestal DJ, Xu Z, Bandyopadhyay S, Guo W, Erme SM, Williams BR, Sen GC (July 1999). "DRBP76, a double-stranded RNA-binding nuclear protein, is phosphorylated by the interferon-induced protein kinase, PKR". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (29): 20432–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.29.20432. PMID 10400669.
  11. ↑ Brownawell AM, Macara IG (January 2002). "Exportin-5, a novel karyopherin, mediates nuclear export of double-stranded RNA binding proteins". The Journal of Cell Biology. 156 (1): 53–64. doi:10.1083/jcb.200110082. PMC 2173575. PMID 11777942.
  12. ↑ Chu L, Su MY, Maggi LB, Lu L, Mullins C, Crosby S, Huang G, Chng WJ, Vij R, Tomasson MH (August 2012). "Multiple myeloma-associated chromosomal translocation activates orphan snoRNA ACA11 to suppress oxidative stress". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 122 (8): 2793–806. doi:10.1172/jci63051. PMC 3408744. PMID 22751105.
  13. ↑ Parrott AM, Mathews MB (2007). "Novel rapidly evolving hominid RNAs bind nuclear factor 90 and display tissue-restricted distribution". Nucleic Acids Research. 35 (18): 6249–58. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm668. PMC 2094060. PMID 17855395.
  14. ↑ Parrott AM, Tsai M, Batchu P, Ryan K, Ozer HL, Tian B, Mathews MB (March 2011). "The evolution and expression of the snaR family of small non-coding RNAs". Nucleic Acids Research. 39 (4): 1485–500. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq856. PMC 3045588. PMID 20935053.
  15. ↑ Satoh M, Shaheen VM, Kao PN, Okano T, Shaw M, Yoshida H, Richards HB, Reeves WH (December 1999). "Autoantibodies define a family of proteins with conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domains as well as DNA binding activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (49): 34598–604. PMID 10574923.
  16. ↑ Kuroda Y, Ono N, Akaogi J, Nacionales DC, Yamasaki Y, Barker TT, Reeves WH, Satoh M (February 2006). "Induction of lupus-related specific autoantibodies by non-specific inflammation caused by an intraperitoneal injection of n-hexadecane in BALB/c mice". Toxicology. 218 (2–3): 186–96. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.10.011. PMID 16309812.
  17. ↑ Bremer HD, Landegren N, Sjöberg R, Hallgren Å, Renneker S, Lattwein E, Leonard D, Eloranta ML, Rönnblom L, Nordmark G, Nilsson P, Andersson G, Lilliehöök I, Lindblad-Toh K, Kämpe O, Hansson-Hamlin H (March 2018). "ILF2 and ILF3 are autoantigens in canine systemic autoimmune disease". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 4852. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23034-w. PMID 29556082.
  18. ↑ Satoh M, Shaheen VM, Kao PN, Okano T, Shaw M, Yoshida H, Richards HB, Reeves WH (December 1999). "Autoantibodies define a family of proteins with conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domains as well as DNA binding activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (49): 34598–604. PMID 10574923.

Further reading

  • St Johnston D, Brown NH, Gall JG, Jantsch M (November 1992). "A conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domain". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (22): 10979–83. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.22.10979. PMC 50466. PMID 1438302.
  • Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA (April 1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Analytical Biochemistry. 236 (1): 107–13. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.
  • Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (September 1996). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Research. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
  • Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Ding Y, Liu W, Ricafrente JY, Wentland MA, Lennon G, Gibbs RA (April 1997). "Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing". Genome Research. 7 (4): 353–8. doi:10.1101/gr.7.4.353. PMC 139146. PMID 9110174.
  • Ting NS, Kao PN, Chan DW, Lintott LG, Lees-Miller SP (January 1998). "DNA-dependent protein kinase interacts with antigen receptor response element binding proteins NF90 and NF45". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (4): 2136–45. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.4.2136. PMID 9442054.
  • Marcoulatos P, Avgerinos E, Tsantzalos DV, Vamvakopoulos NC (May 1998). "Mapping interleukin enhancer binding factor 3 gene (ILF3) to human chromosome 19 (19q11-qter and 19p11-p13.1) by polymerase chain reaction amplification of human-rodent somatic cell hybrid DNA templates". Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research. 18 (5): 351–5. doi:10.1089/jir.1998.18.351. PMID 9620363.
  • Aoki Y, Zhao G, Qiu D, Shi L, Kao PN (December 1998). "CsA-sensitive purine-box transcriptional regulator in bronchial epithelial cells contains NF45, NF90, and Ku". The American Journal of Physiology. 275 (6 Pt 1): L1164–72. PMID 9843854.
  • Langland JO, Kao PN, Jacobs BL (May 1999). "Nuclear factor-90 of activated T-cells: A double-stranded RNA-binding protein and substrate for the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR". Biochemistry. 38 (19): 6361–8. doi:10.1021/bi982410u. PMID 10320367.
  • Patel RC, Vestal DJ, Xu Z, Bandyopadhyay S, Guo W, Erme SM, Williams BR, Sen GC (July 1999). "DRBP76, a double-stranded RNA-binding nuclear protein, is phosphorylated by the interferon-induced protein kinase, PKR". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (29): 20432–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.29.20432. PMID 10400669.
  • Satoh M, Shaheen VM, Kao PN, Okano T, Shaw M, Yoshida H, Richards HB, Reeves WH (December 1999). "Autoantibodies define a family of proteins with conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domains as well as DNA binding activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (49): 34598–604. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.49.34598. PMID 10574923.
  • Xu YH, Grabowski GA (December 1999). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a translational inhibitory protein that binds to coding sequences of human acid beta-glucosidase and other mRNAs". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 68 (4): 441–54. doi:10.1006/mgme.1999.2934. PMID 10607473.
  • Coolidge CJ, Patton JG (March 2000). "A new double-stranded RNA-binding protein that interacts with PKR". Nucleic Acids Research. 28 (6): 1407–17. doi:10.1093/nar/28.6.1407. PMC 111047. PMID 10684936.
  • Tang J, Kao PN, Herschman HR (June 2000). "Protein-arginine methyltransferase I, the predominant protein-arginine methyltransferase in cells, interacts with and is regulated by interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (26): 19866–76. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000023200. PMID 10749851.
  • Saunders LR, Jurecic V, Barber GN (January 2001). "The 90- and 110-kDa human NFAR proteins are translated from two differentially spliced mRNAs encoded on chromosome 19p13". Genomics. 71 (2): 256–9. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6423. PMID 11161820.
  • Duchange N, Pidoux J, Camus E, Sauvaget D (December 2000). "Alternative splicing in the human interleukin enhancer binding factor 3 (ILF3) gene". Gene. 261 (2): 345–53. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00495-9. PMID 11167023.
  • Saunders LR, Perkins DJ, Balachandran S, Michaels R, Ford R, Mayeda A, Barber GN (August 2001). "Characterization of two evolutionarily conserved, alternatively spliced nuclear phosphoproteins, NFAR-1 and -2, that function in mRNA processing and interact with the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (34): 32300–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104207200. PMID 11438536.
  • Parker LM, Fierro-Monti I, Mathews MB (August 2001). "Nuclear factor 90 is a substrate and regulator of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 kinase double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (35): 32522–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104408200. PMID 11438540.
  • Reichman TW, Muñiz LC, Mathews MB (January 2002). "The RNA binding protein nuclear factor 90 functions as both a positive and negative regulator of gene expression in mammalian cells". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (1): 343–56. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.1.343-356.2002. PMC 134226. PMID 11739746.

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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